BMR
Chapter 19
-Safety & Hazardous Materials-Chapter 19 covers shipboard hazards, MSDS sheets, deck safety, working aloft, electronic and electrical equipment, compressed gasses, heat stress program, and tag out bill.
Most mishaps are caused by people, and could have been prevented.
You are responsible for all safety precautions related to your duties.
You are to report all unsafe conditions to your supervisor.
When doing maintenance refer to the PMS Card or tech manual and read all related safety precautions.
Material Safety Data Sheet: MSDS are technical bulletins that contain information about hazardous material.
By law, manufacturers must provide the data to hazardous material users.
MSDS tell the user how to use, store, and dispose of hazardous material.
You can see an example of a MSDS on pages 19-3 & 19-4.
According to OPNAVINST 5100.19, all hands are required to follow the guidelines when using MSDS.
The major concern of Navy personnel aboard small boat is safety of the passengers and crew members.
Deck Safety: The weather decks of a ship are extremely hazardous places, particularly on small ships. Whenever working out on a weather deck such as in handling lines or when involved in underway replenishment you must wear an inherently buoyant lifejacket.
DO not sit or lean on lifelines. They are safety barriers to prevent personnel from falling or being washed over the side.
Smoking is prohibited on the flight and hangar decks and in all fuel and ammo-handling spaces.
Keep the land deck area free from loose debris, known as foreign object damage (FOD).
FOD could be blown about by the downwash from the blades of a helo or sucked up by jet intakes.
Do not paint scaffolds because the paint could conceal defects.
If handling cargo with a hand truck remember going up or down a ramp, keep the load below you. Thus you pull the load up, and push it down.
When working aloft, always obtain permission from the ODD Use caution as radio and radar transmission, even from other ships can induce a charge in guy wires, stays, ladders and other metal fittings. The voltages set up in a ships structure or section of rigging by electromagnetic radiation (EMR)can shock or burn you.
When working over the side, you must wear a standard Navy safety harness with a safety line attached and tended by someone on deck. You must also wear an inherently buoyant life jacket.
Use lifelines and safety belts when working on a boatswains chair or on unguarded scaffolds above a height of 10 feet
While the ship is underway, you must be given permission by the CO to work over the side.
Steam lines run throughout a ship, however most accidents involving steam occur in engine rooms and firerooms. Live steam is often invisible and it is always dangerous.
Never enter a closed space until it is certified safe by a gas free engineer.
All closed spaces will be ventilated for 24 hours before entering. Also the space has to be recertified every 8 hours by the gas free engineer.
If you need to use an internal combustion engine in a closed space the exhaust is vented to the open atmosphere to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.
Carbon dioxide is frequently found in refrigerator spaces, because of lack of ventilation and the fact that food slowly absorb oxygen and give off carbon dioxide.
Sulfur oxides produce an offensive odor and can cause eye and lung irritation.
Symptoms of bad air include the following:
- labored breathing
- excessive fatigue
- headaches
- dizziness
If you feel any of these symptoms, warn others and get to fresh air immediately. All the pyrotechnic materials are kept in special stowage spaces, usually located on the topside decks.
The maximum temperature of a gas cylinder stowage compartment is 130° F
Each cylinder in a gas cylinder stowage compartment must be securely fastened in the vertical position (valve end up)
Oxygen and chlorine must be stowed in compartments separate from flammable gasses.
If the ventilation has been secured, compartments containing compressed gases must be ventilated for 15 minutes before entry.
Fire watches must remain on location at least 30 minutes after the job is completed.
Compressed air may be used to clean machinery parts provided that the supply air pressure does not exceed 30 PSI and a safety shield tip must be used.
The term open flame includes all forms of fuel, or gas lanterns, lighted candles, matches, cigarette lighters and so on.
The term naked lights includes any unprotected electrical lighting device.
115- volt equipment is the cause of more deaths than any other voltage.
Dont use personal electrical equipment aboard the ship without the approval of the engineer officer.
Most symptoms of asbestos-related diseases do not show up until 10-45 years after exposure.
Only specially trained and medically qualified personnel are authorized to remove asbestos.
Marine Sanitation Systems contain bacteria and viruses that can enter the human body through the mouth, nose, open sores, etc.
Do not use liquid soaps or scented disinfectants when cleaning a sewage spill because they temporarily disguise inadequate clean up procedures.
Methane and hydrogen sulfide may be emitted by tanks or leaks. These gasses are flammable and sometimes explosive. Heat stress is a combination of air temperature, thermal radiation, humidity, air flow and work load that places stress on the body.
Prolonged exposure to heat stress conditions can cause heat exhaustion or heat stroke. The first symptoms are:
- increased body temperature
- severe headache
- nausea
- reduced mental and physical performance
- fatigue Hypothermia is a result of your body temperature reaching subnormallevels.
The major health threat of cold weather is hypothermia
Continuous exposure to noise at high level can cause temporary or permanent hearing loss. Therefore you must wear hearing protection under the following conditions:
- 84 d.- ear plugs
- 104 d.- double hearing protection The Navy uses three types of hearing protection:
- headband
- earplugs
- circumaural muff OPNAVINST 3120.32 governs the Navys equipment tag-out bill.
The purpose of the equipment tag out bill is:
- To provide a safe procedure for personnel to prevent the improper use of a component, system, or equipment.
- To provide a safe procedure for personnel to use when operating an instrument that is unreliable. This procedure uses labels instead of tags (ie, out of calibration)
- To provide separate safe procedures for personnel to accomplish PMS. The CO must ensure that all personnel know and comply with all applicable safety procedures of the tag-out system.
The OOD keeps track of the systems being tagged out and the condition of the readiness of the ship.
Engineering officer of the Watch (EOOW) keeps up with the status of the engineering plant and how the tag-out bill effects the readiness of the plant.
Authorizing Officer signs the final authorization placing the equipment/system off line for repairs or maintenance. Person attaching the tag: The person who attaches the tag (along with the person who will second check the tag) can make or break the tag-out system. The person hanging the tag actually shuts a valve or secures a switch that takes a piece of equipment off line for repairs or maintenance.
The person checking the tag is also very important in the tag-out procedure. This process is called second-checking. The second checker examines the tag to ensure they are where they are supposed to be and the valve or switches are in the correct position.
Tags, labels, and logs are used in the tag-out system to ensure personal safety and equipment from being damaged.
Danger- Red tags: means a certain danger exists if the system status is changed.
Caution-Yellow tags: these tags usually have specific instructions about the use of the equipment.
The two labels that are associated with the tag out system are:
- Out of commission (RED): used to identify instruments that give incorrect measurements because they are unreliable.
- Out of Calibration (ORANGE): used on gauges and devices when their calibration is overdue. The number of tag-out logs depends on the size of the ship
The tag-out log is used to control the entire procedure.
A copy of the main instruction and any other amplifying directives are found in the front of the tag-out log.
The tag-out log has three parts:
- main instructions
- DANGER/CAUTION tag out index and a record of audits
- CLEARED DANGER/CAUTION tag-out record. Review Chapter 19 BMR